Sources of Finance for Business: Pros and Cons

Wellsprings of Finance for Business: Pros and Cons Wellsprings of Finance Account is fundamental for a business’s, improvement and extension. Money is the center factor for most organizations and accordingly it is pivotal for organizations tomanage and keep up their budgetary assets better. Account is accessible to a business from avariety of sources both inner and outside. It is likewise essential for organizations to pick the most proper wellspring of account for its few needs as various sources have its own advantages and expenses. Wellsprings of money can be arranged dependent on various variables and the can be named Internal and External, Short-term and Long-term. Distinguish the wellsprings of money accessible to a business Working capitalâ proprietors finding that are put into business from the earliest starting point to financeâ operation. Obligation will be made fit as a fiddle of capital. Points of interest Since it is an inside source offinance there are no costs included and no reimbursement is required. Burdens Opportunity costs are included. Isn't appropriate forlong term ventures. Working capital can't raise a lot of assets. Absolute hazard is attempted by the organization. Utilizing working capital as a source offinance will influence the present proportion of the business. Bank Overdraft  occurs when cash is pulled back from the financial balance and the availableâ balance goes beneath zero. There are distinctive bank charges which areâ depending on the understanding. Points of interest This is a decent method to cover the period between cash leaving and coming into a business. Whenever utilized in the transient it is normally less expensive than a bank advance. Weaknesses Intrigue is repayable on the sum overdrawn Can be costly whenever utilized over a more drawn out timeframe. Home loan this is a credit made sure about on property reimbursed in portions over quite a while aroundâ 25 years. The business will possess the property once the last installment has beenâ made. This is a drawn out wellspring of money. Favorable circumstances Business has the utilization of the property. Installments are spread over some undefined time frame which is useful for planning. When all reimbursements are made the business will possess the advantage. Impediments This is a costly technique contrasted with purchasing with money. On the off chance that business doesn't stay aware of reimbursements the property could be repossessed. Bank credit  This is a fixed sum for a fixed brief timeframe with fixed reimbursement. The interestâ on this advance can be costly. Focal points Set reimbursements are spread over some stretch of time which is useful for planning. Impediments Can be costly because of intrigue installments. Bank may require security on the advance. Recruit buy happens when purchaser is paying for things or things in fixed portions whileâ using the thing. Points of interest Organizations can have the utilization of modern hardware right away Installments are spread over some stretch of time which is useful for planning When all reimbursements are made the business will possess the benefit. Inconveniences This is a costly strategy contrasted with purchasing with money. Exchange Credit it is a framework that permits purchasing something now and paying letter. For manyâ business exchange credit it is basic for business to development. Points of interest Business can sell the products first and pay for them later Useful for income No premium charged if cash is paid inside concurred time. Weaknesses Rebate given for money installment would be lost Organizations need to deliberately deal with their income to guarantee they will have cash accessible when the obligation is expected to be paid. Government Grants †this associations offer awards to organizations, both set up andâ new and regularly there are a few conditions apply. Points of interest Don’t must be reimbursed. Burdens Certain conditions may apply Not all organizations might be qualified for an award. Figuring  is a money related exchange that happens whereby a business sells its accountsâ receivable to a third part at a rebate. Focal points An enormous extent of cash isreceived inside a brief timeframe outline. The business record of the business can be re-appropriated to the factor. The cash assortments from account holders are embraced by the figuring organization. Helps a business tohave a smooth income activity. Non-plan of action calculating shields the customer organization from terrible obligations. Detriments The business needs to pay interests and expenses for the factor for its administrations. The cost will be areduction on the company’s overall revenue. Break down the expenses of various wellsprings of account Working capital Unmistakable cost: They don't have any expenses as it proprietor cash that will be contributed to begin a business. Opportunity costs: Could have obtained extra if the working capital isn't sufficient from family members, companion. Duty impacts: This can be reimburse when the benefit will rise. Bank Overdraft Unmistakable cost: Interest is somewhat higher than forbank advances and premium is determined every day. This is present moment and snappy wellspring of account which isn't pay on time extra and huge intrigue charges will apply. Opportunity costs: Could have obtained from family members or companion to maintain a strategic distance from additional charges or to feel into obligations. Expense impacts: It can be deducted when the business is expanding resource. Home loan Substantial cost: Interest rates apply as concurred in regularly scheduled payments over quite a while ordinarily for a long time. Opportunity costs: Could have acquired from family to stay away from the intrigue charges. Expense impacts: The property will be controlled by the association if regularly scheduled installments are not meet. Bank advance Unmistakable cost: Interest to be paid on the whole acquired at concurred rate. Intrigue is normally fixed forshort term advances, and long haul credits typically have a variable pace of intrigue. Loan costs are lower than for bank overdrafts. Opportunity costs: Could have obtained economically from family members or companions. Expense impacts: Interest is charge deductible from benefit before we show up at benefit figure for charge reason. Recruit buy Substantial cost: The business winds up paying more than the first estimation of the benefit for its buy and the intrigue has been paid in equivalent portions. Opportunity costs: Expense impacts: Interest charges can be balanced against benefits for tax assessment. Exchange Credit Substantial expense: If paid on time there is no monetary cost included, be that as it may if not paid on time the intrigue will apply naturally. Opportunity costs: Working capital and companions. Duty impacts: own ownership of products can be evacuated by the obligation association or deal or lease to take care of the intrigue expense. Government Grants Unmistakable cost: Government awards are free and have nofinancial costs. Opportunity costs: Could have acquired from family members or companion as there are no lawful understandings included. Assessment impacts: No money related expenses are included. Considering Substantial cost: The business must compensation interests and expenses for the factor for its administrations the intrigue is determined on a dailybasis, credit the board and regulatory charge are additionally chargedand ranges. Opportunity costs: Working Capital will be a superior other option or family members and companions. Duty impacts: The business must compensation interests and expenses for the factor for its administrations and the cost will be areduction on the company’s overall revenue. Assess suitable wellsprings of fund for a business venture There are a few wellsprings of account accessible to a business available. Funds are required for some and various purposes need sources offinance which are generally appropriate. While picking a most fitting wellspring of account a few conditions must be thought of. The conditions that need tobe thought about while picking a proper wellspring of money are: The measure of cash required The criticalness of assets The expense of wellspring of money The hazard in question The span of account The outfitting proportion of thebusiness The control of the business Task Hair and Beauty Business Project â€Å"Inspiration† points are to be the main excellence salon in the neighborhood will convey one of a kind and quality help by offering exclusive expectation magnificence items which will rapidly pick up piece of the overall industry. â€Å"Inspiration† will give clients an unwinding and ameliorating climate which will assist them with enjoying the administration gave to increased high notoriety. Buildingâ Mortgage long haul which will be payable for a long time. Staff Bank Loan brief timeframe with fixed reimbursement 3-5 years. Furniture and fixed and so on. Working Capital proprietors finding that are put into business. Brochuresâ Overdraft transient it is generally less expensive than a bank advance. Advertisementâ Bank Loan Set reimbursements, spread over some undefined time frame, premium high. Othersâ Relatives or companions. These advances will be paid from the income from the business and will be collateralized by the advantages of the organization on present moment or long haul concurrences with the moneylenders.

On Going a Journey Essay Example for Free

On Going a Journey Essay One of the pleasantest things on the planet is going an excursion; however I like to pass without anyone else. I can appreciate society in a room; however out of entryways, nature is organization enough for me. I am then never less alone than when alone. The fields his investigation, nature was his book. I can't see the mind of strolling and talking simultaneously. At the point when I am in the nation, I wish to vegetate like the nation. I am not for condemning support lines and dark dairy cattle. I leave town so as to overlook the town and all that is in it. There are the individuals who for this reason go to watering-places, and convey the city with them. I like more breathing room, and less incumbrances. I like isolation, when I surrender myself to it, for isolation; nor do I request â€â€a companion in my retreat, Whom I may murmur isolation is sweet. The spirit of an excursion is freedom, flawless freedom, to figure, feel, do similarly however one sees fit. We go an excursion primarily to be liberated from all obstacles and all things considered; to abandon ourselves, significantly more to dispose of others. It is on the grounds that I need a touch of breathing space to muse on apathetic issues, where Contemplation May crest her quills and let develop her wings, That in the different clamor of resort Were very unsettled, and some of the time impaird,â that I missing myself from the town for a little while, without feeling at a misfortune the second I am left without anyone else. Rather than a companion in a post-chaise or in a Tilbury, to trade beneficial things with, and shift the equivalent stale subjects over once more, for once let me have a ceasefire with insolence. Give me the unmistakable blue sky over my head, and the green turf underneath my feet, a twisting street before me, and a three hours walk to dinnerâ€and then to intuition! It is hard in the event that I can't begin some game on these solitary heaths. I chuckle, I run, I jump, I sing for satisfaction. From the purpose of there moving cloud, I dive into my past being, and revel there, as the sun-consumed Indian dives fast into the wave that drifts him to his local shore. At that point since quite a while ago overlooked things, as depressed wrack and sumless treasuries, burst upon my eagerâ sight, and I start to feel, think, and act naturally once more. Rather than a clumsy quietness, broken by endeavors at mind or dull basic places, mine is that undisturbed quietness of the heart which alone is flawless persuasiveness. Nobody likes jokes, similar sounding word usages, direct opposites, contention, and examination better than I do; yet I now and again had rather be without them. Leave, gracious, leave me to my rest! I have seconds ago different business close by, which would appear to be inert to you, yet is with me very stuff of the still, small voice. Isn't this wild rose sweet without a remark? Doesn't this daisy jump to my heart set in its jacket of emerald? However if I somehow managed to disclose to you the situation that has so charmed it to me, you would just grin. Had I worse at that point remain quiet about it, and let it serve me to brood over, from here to there rough point, and from thus forward to the far-far off skyline? I ought to be nevertheless awful organization such way, and accordingly lean toward being separated from everyone else. I have heard it said that you may, when the surly fit goes ahead, walk or ride on without anyone else, and enjoy your dreams. However, this resembles a penetrate of habits, a disregard of others, and you are thinking constantly that you should rejoin your gathering. Out upon such half-confronted association, state I. I like to be either totally t o myself, or altogether at the removal of others; to talk or be quiet, to walk or sit still, to be amiable or single. I was satisfied with a perception of Mr. Cobbetts, that he thought it an awful French custom to drink our wine with our dinners, and that an Englishman should do just a single thing at once. So I can't talk and think, or enjoy despairing pondering and exuberant discussion by fits and starts, Let me have a buddy of my way, says Sterne, were it yet to comment how the shadows protract as the sun decays. It is delightfully stated: yet as I would see it, this ceaseless contrasting of notes meddles and the automatic impression of things upon the psyche, and damages the conclusion. On the off chance that you just insight what you feel in a sort of moronic show, it is vapid: on the off chance that you need to clarify it, it is making a work of a delight. You can't peruse the book of nature, without being never-endingly put to the difficulty of interpreting it to serve others. I am for the synthetical strategy on an excursion, in inclination to the systematic. I am substance to lay in a suppl y of thoughts at that point, and to inspect and anatomise them subsequently. I need to see my dubious thoughts drift like the down of the thorn before the breeze, and not to have them trapped in the briars and thistles of debate. For the first time ever, I like to have everything my own particular manner; and thisâ is inconceivable except if you are distant from everyone else, or in such organization as I don't want. I have no issue with contend a point with any one for twenty miles of estimated street, yet not for joy. On the off chance that you comment the fragrance of a beanfield going across the street, maybe your individual explorer has no smell. In the event that you point to a far off item, maybe he is silly, and needs to take out his glass to take a gander at it. There is an inclination noticeable all around, a tone in the shade of a cloud which hits your extravagant, yet the impact of which you can't represent. There is then no compassion, however an uncomfortable longing for after it, and a disappointment which seeks after you in transit, and at lo ng last likely delivers ill humor. Presently I never squabble with myself, and underestimate all my own decisions till I think that its important to protect them against protests. It isn't just that you may not be of accord on the articles and conditions that current themselves before youâ€these may recal various items, and lead to affiliations excessively fragile and refined to be potentially conveyed to other people. However these I love to esteem, once in a while still affectionately grasp them, when I can escape from the crowd to do as such. To offer path to our emotions before organization, appears lavishness or gesture; and then again, to need to unwind this secret of our being every step of the way, and to make others take an equivalent enthusiasm for it (in any case the end isn't replied) is an undertaking to which not many are able. We should give it a seeing, however no tongue. My old companion Câ€â€, be that as it may, could do both. He could go on in the most magnificent illustrative path over slope and dale, a summers day, and convert a scene into an instructional sonnet or a Pindaric tribute. He talked far above singing. In the event that I could so dress my thoughts in sounding and streaming words, I may maybe wish to have somebody with me to appreciate the growing topic; or I could be increasingly content, were it workable for me still to hear his reverberating voice in the forested areas of All-Foxden. They had that fine franticness in them which our first artists had; and in the event that they could have been gotten by some uncommon instrument, would have inhaled such strains as the accompanying. â€â€Here be woods as green As any, air moreover as new and sweet As when smooth Zephyrus plays on the armada Face of the twisted stream, with flowrs the same number of As the youthful spring gives, and as decision as any; Here be all new pleasures, cool streams and wells, Arbors oergrown with woodbine, caverns and dells; Pick where thou shrivel, while I sit by and sing, Or then again accumulate hurries to make numerous a ring For thy long fingers; tell thee stories of affection, How the pale Phoebe, chasing in a woods, First observed the kid Endymion, from whose eyes She took endless fire that never bites the dust; How she conveyd him delicately in a rest, His sanctuaries bound with poppy, to the precarious Head of old Latmos, where she stoops every night, Plating the mountain with her siblings light, To kiss her sweetest.â€â€ Dedicated Shepherdess. Had I words and pictures at order like these, I would endeavor to wake the contemplations that untruth sleeping on brilliant edges at night mists: yet at seeing nature my extravagant, poor for what it's worth, hangs and quits for the day leaves, similar to blossoms at dusk. I can make nothing out on the spot:â€I must have the opportunity to gather myself.†when all is said in done, something worth being thankful for ruins out-of-entryway possibilities: it ought to be held for Table-talk. Lâ€â€ is therefore, I take it, the most exceedingly awful organization on the planet out of entryways; since he is the best inside. I award, there is one subject on which it is charming to chat on an excursion; and that is, the thing that one will have for dinner when we get to our hotel around evening time. The outside improves this kind of discussion or neighborly squabble, by setting a quicker edge on craving. Each mile of the street increases the kind of the viands we expect toward i ts finish. That it is so fine to enter some old town, walled and turreted exactly at the methodology of dusk, or to go to some straying town, with the lights gushing through the encompassing agony; and afterward in the wake of inquisitive for the best diversion that the spot bears, to take ones simplicity at ones motel! These memorable crossroads in our lives history are excessively valuable, excessively brimming with strong, ardent joy to be misused and spilled in blemished compassion. I would have them all to myself, and channel them to the last drop: they will do to discuss or to expound on subsequently. What a fragile theory it is, in the wake of drinking entire flagons of tea, The cups thatâ cheer, yet not intoxicate, what's more, letting the vapor climb into the mind, to sit thinking about what we will have for supperâ€eggs and a rasher, a hare covered in onions, or a fantastic veal-cutlet! Sancho in such a circumstance once fixed upon bovine heel; and his decision, however he was unable to support it, isn't to be criticized. At that point in the interims of imagined view and Shandean thought, to get the arrangement and the mix in the kitchenâ€Procul, O procul este profani! These hours are consecrated to quietness and to considering, to be cherished up in the memory, and to take care of the wellspring of grinning contemplations henceforth. I would not squander them out of gear talk

How to Use Eye Tracking to Learn about Your Customers

How to Use Eye Tracking to Learn about Your Customers Starting a business and running it successfully entails a lot of planning and preparation, and a great bulk of that is devoted to gathering information and data. What is worth noting, however, is that this data-gathering activity is not something that is conducted only when a business is about to start, all the way to its initial phases of operation. It is a continuous process.One of the vital information that businesses have to keep constant track on is their customers. Change is inevitable, and the landscape that businesses operate on is not constant. If we are to liken it to a scenery, it is an ever-changing one. Therefore, there is a need to be kept up to speed and updated about the customers since they are the ones who support the business.There are several ways that businesses and marketers go about gathering the required information about customers. In fact, there seems to be no shortage of such tools, because businesses can pretty much take their pick among the several inform ation gathering and measuring tools that are available to them. One method that has been garnering a lot of attention and positive feedback in marketing and consumer research is eye tracking. © Shutterstock | Max GriboedovIn this guide, we explore 1) what is eye tracking, 2) how to use eye tracking for understanding consumers and market research, and 3) how to use eye tracking to gain the most insights.AN INTRODUCTION TO EYE TRACKINGSo what is “Eye Tracking”?As the phrase implies, eye tracking is the monitoring and measurement of eye activity. Using an eye tracker or an eye tracking device involves the measurement of the point of gaze (or the point where a person is looking) or the motion or movement of the eye in relation to the head. In short, it measures the positions of the eye, and the movements or motions it makes. The phrase “eye tracking” is also interchangeably used to describe the sensor technology used in measuring eye movement.But what is so important about measuring eye movements and positions?You can tell a lot about how a person feels just by looking at them â€" their facial expressions, some distinctive facial tics, even the slightest smile or fro wn. In the same way, you can also deduce a lot of things by monitoring how their eyes move.The cool thing is that eye tracking can be even used to analyze Christiano Ronaldos play style. To get a better understanding of the whole concept of eye tracking, let us first learn some key points about the human eye.There are more than 10 different eye movements, but for purposes of discussing eye tracking, let us focus on two of them.Fixations refer to when the eye stops moving and focuses on a point. Within the duration of the stop or fixation, the image or visual information seen by the eye is communicated to the brain, which then processes it into something meaningful. The length of these stops usually last no more than 600 milliseconds.Saccades refer to the movements between fixations, or the jumps from one fixation to another. No visual information is received or processed, because the duration is usually very brief, around 30 milliseconds on average.EYE TRACKING IN CONSUMER BEHAVIOR AND RESEARCHEye tracking is not solely applicable to marketing and consumer research. Since its development in the late 1800s, one of its earliest applications was in the field of psychology.Later on, eye tracking has become very useful in various fields of research, including psycholinguistics, product design and development, education, medicine, and marketing. In marketing, eye tracking has proven to be an excellent tool for studying the behavior of customers.It was in the 1980s when researchers first realized the usefulness of eye tracking in understanding how customers read, view and process advertisements on magazines. Soon, it was also used to understand how consumers view the internet.In order to effectively design marketing messages and communication that is guaranteed to catch the attention of customers, marketers are keen on measuring how their attention is engaged, and how they respond. That is where eye tracking comes in.With so many tools available, why eye tracking, th ough? Why not just stick to explicit methods, where you can sit down with customers and ask them directly the questions that you want answered, or solicit information that you require through letting them fill up a form?We can identify several main advantages of eye tracking over other traditional, explicit methods of consumer behavior research.Eye tracking provides objective, unbiased and accurate dataThe one stumbling block that marketers often encounter is the potential lack of objectivity. Some tools are simply not designed with objectivity, which is why there is a tendency that the data is prone to a lot of biases. There is no assurance that the information that customers will readily provide is accurate.Eye tracking is seen as a way to capture data that is unbiased and difficult to manipulate. The actual and real behaviors of customers are measured objectively. Between asking for their opinions and recording the number of actual purchases they’ve made or the amount they spen t on their purchases, it is clear that the latter is more reliable of being recorded and measured. These are then used to gain a deeper look into their behavior and decision making processes.Eye tracking gives you an insight on how customers react to different marketing messages. And their reactions will be different, that’s for sure, depending on how the marketing messages are crafted, and how they are delivered. The behavior being measured and monitored through eye tracking is more reliable, because they are considered to be more authentic, as they are perceived directly from the point of view of the customer.Eye tracking allows marketers to understand the cognitive engagement of consumers. Consumers tend to behave according to a certain pattern. How they usually react to one marketing message tends to have similarities with how they behave or react to others. Through eye tracking, marketers will have an easier time coming up with generalizations about their customers, because t he focus will be on their natural, subconscious and habitual behavior. Customer profiling becomes an easier task.Eye tracking provides results in real time, measuring the reaction or behavior of customers in the exact moment that they happen. This is true whether a customer is browsing a website of a store or physically moving along a length of shelves in a brick-and-mortar store.Eye tracking does not require sample sizes to be large for its results to be considered reliable. Tracking tests can be performed even with a small sample size, and the results may be used for planning purposes. This results in a more cost-effective and efficient way of researching consumer behavior and coming up with customer profiles that can be used for the company’s marketing programs.Eye tracking aids in ensuring marketing campaign effectiveness. Marketers need a yardstick to measure whether the marketing strategies they have employed are actually working, or if they need more workThe major areas tha t eye tracking can look into in consumer research include:The marketing elements of an advertisement or campaign that capture the consumer’s eye. In a storefront, there are various items that draw the customer’s eye: a sign announcing the new products for sale, the color theme used in the storefront decoration, or the use of audio-visual elements in their presentation. Which among these elements are most effective in grabbing the customer’s attention the longest?The parts of the marketing message or communication that the consumer focuses on. Say, for example, that a customer is looking at a poster of a new product. What parts of the poster did his gaze linger on the longest? What words written on the product poster did he spend more time looking at?The parts of the marketing message or communication that they ignore. Of course, you also have to take note of the areas that they give noncommittal responses to. This is so that you can find ways to make adjustments. Do they ignor e a certain line or slogan? Perhaps you can rewrite it to something catchier or more effective in capturing their attention.The drivers of the consumer’s decision-making process. Eye tracking can also help you determine the factors that drive the customer’s decision to purchase a product or service. What finally convinced him to buy it? Is it the choice of words you used in your product poster, or is it the image you used on the label or packaging of the product itself?The overall user experience of customers. The satisfaction (and dissatisfaction) of customers with the overall experience with a company or business may also be measured through eye tracking.HOW TO USE EYE TRACKING FOR CONSUMER RESEARCHNow let us try to look into deeper detail on how eye tracking is useful in learning about your customers. The customer information obtained through eye tracking can be used in various aspects of marketing, including, but not limited to:Positioning of products in the market, or in th e consumers’ minds. This could have an impact on what advertising techniques you employ or what marketing campaigns you put into motion (and how you will put them in motion).Physical positioning of products in a physical or virtual store. Basically, this will have an impact on your store planningPhysical placement of signage, displays and other marketing visuals. Just like how you will pay attention on how you arrange items on your shelves or on your store, you also have to consider where to put signage, standees, and the like.Design and layout of a store website. Businesses invest on the creation of websites that are designed to increase customer engagement and drive sales.Ultimately, however, the end goal of using eye tracking in studying customer behavior is to drive sales.See how a computer game uses eye tracking to enhance the look and feel. The principles of eye tracking hold that the fixations and saccades, as well as the other eye moments, can be indicative of a customer†™s behavior. Say, for example, that there are two products on a shelf, positioned side by side. They are essentially the same products with the same usage, but they are different in their design or packaging.If a customer comes by and is made to look at the two products, it may be established through eye tracking that he looked at Product A longer than he did at Product B. In short, he had a longer duration of fixation on Product A. This behavior can be interpreted as the customer found the packaging of Product A more appealing or visually pleasing, which is why she was fixated on it longer.In another example, let us say that a customer is looking for two specific products on a very long shelf filled with various goods. If the amount and duration of fixations while searching for Product A is higher and longer than when he was looking for Product B, this could mean that the physical positioning of Product B on the shelf was less user-friendly, because she took a longer time trying to locate it.Eye Tracking in Interactions with WebsitesAs mentioned earlier, eye tracking is not limited to the usage of customers in a physical setting, using a wearable eye tracker while moving around a store. It can also be applied in the case of a customer doing his or her shopping online.Website user behavior and its consequent feedback can be obtained through eye tracking. Basically, eye tracking lets you know how your visitors interact with your website.What did the visitors look at on your website? Which products got the most views? What pages on your website were visited by the customer for information? Maybe they looked at your page where you talked about the shipping fees and return policy.When did the visitors look at a specific page on your website? You may notice that a specific product had more visits or views during the weekend, or on a specific holiday.How long did the visitors stay on that page or look at it? If they looked longer at one product, it means that produc t is more interesting than the others. Or it could also be that there were some vague information on that page, which is the reason why they spent more time on it.What is the order in which the visitor looked at (or fixated) on pages on your website? Did they start by checking out the additional fees? Did they look at product images first before they read the product description or specifications? Did they read the testimonials or reviews before placing an order? Getting a glimpse of the order of their attention will also give you an idea of what they prioritize during the buying process.In a typical eye tracking test of a customer’s experience while buying on a website, the visitor will be asked to perform the whole process from the beginning. He will shop for products or items that she would like to buy. Once she has made her choice, she will buy it by adding it to the cart, after which she will proceed to the checkout process.Throughout the whole process, she will be eye tracke d, so even the smallest nuance will be captured: when she found the product he likes, when she scrolled through its details and specifications, when she clicked on the “Buy Now” or “Add to Cart” button, when she clicked on “Checkout” and saw the final rundown of costs she will pay.Application of Modern TechnologyThanks to technology going further, eye tracking has also become more advanced, compared to when eye tracking was first introduced. Today, the application of eye tracking is mostly done through wearable eye tracking devices. Out of the several eye-tracking systems and service providers today, one of the more recognizable names is Tobii. They have developed products and services purposely for eye tracking.In most cases, the device comes in the form of a pair of eye tracking glasses that will be used by customers, just like how they would wear a regular pair of spectacles. This is not limited to physical stores and physical marketing items, however, because there a re also systems that can be used to track which part of a website a user looks at, and what they basically ignore.So, how does it work, in general?Eye tracking systems, depending on the developer and manufacturer, have their own patented technologies. However, generally, eye tracking systems are based on infrared technology, and are designed with cameras that capture images of the eyes of the customer or user. The cameras are not your ordinary cameras, either, since they are capable of capturing images at high frame rates. These systems are also equipped with software for image processing, to interpret the movements and patterns of the eyes.Eye tracking, by itself, is a very powerful research and data gathering or collection tool. However, if you want to make the most of eye tracking, it would be a good idea to use it with other tools or forms of research designed primarily for conversion optimization. One prime example is Google Analytics, which is used by many businesses in combin ation with eye tracking.

The Raid of the Cult Compound in Waco, Texas

On April 19, 1993, after a 51-day siege, the ATF and the FBI attempted to force David Koresh and the other remaining Branch Davidians out of their Waco, Texas compound. However, when the cult members refused to leave the buildings after being tear gassed, the buildings went up in a blaze and all but nine died in the fire. Preparing to Enter the Compound There were a number of reports that 33-year-old, Branch Davidian cult leader David Koresh had been abusing children. He reportedly would punish children by hitting them with a wooden spoon until they bled or be depriving them of food for an entire day. Also, Koresh had many wives, some of whom were as young as 12. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (ATF) also discovered that Koresh was stockpiling a cache of weapons and explosives. The ATF gathered resources and planned to raid the Branch Davidian compound, known as the Mount Carmel Center, located just outside of Waco, Texas. With a warrant to search for illegal firearms in hand, the ATF attempted to enter the compound on February 28, 1993. The Shootout and Stand-Off A gunfight ensued (debate continues over which side fired the first shot). The shooting lasted nearly two hours, leaving four ATF agents and five Branch Davidians dead. For 51 days, the ATF and the FBI waited outside the compound, using negotiators to try to end the stand-off peacefully. (There has been much criticism as to how the government handled the negotiations.) Although a number of children and a few adults were released during this period, 84 men, women, and children stayed in the compound. Storming the Waco Compound On April 19, 1993, the ATF and FBI attempted to end the siege by using a form of tear gas called CS gas (chlorobenzylidenemalononitrile), a decision approved by US Attorney General Janet Reno. Early in the morning, specialized tank-like vehicles (Combat Engineering Vehicles) punctured holes in the compounds walls and inserted CS gas. The government was hoping that the gas would safely push the Branch Davidians out of the compound. In response to the gas, the Branch Davidians shot back. Just after noon, the wooden compound caught on fire. While nine people escaped the blaze, 76 perished either by gunshot, fire or collapsed rubble inside the compound. Twenty-three of the dead were children. Koresh was also found dead, from a gunshot wound to the head. Who Started the Fire? Nearly immediately, questions were raised as to how the fire was started and who was responsible. For years, many people blamed the FBI and ATF for the catastrophe, believing that the government officials had knowingly used flammable tear gas or shot into the compound to keep survivors from leaving the fiery compound. Further investigations have shown that the fire was purposely set by the Davidians themselves.   Of the nine survivors of the fire, all nine were charged and sentenced to some jail time. Eight were found guilty of either voluntary manslaughter or illegal firearms -- or both. The ninth survivor, Kathy Schroeder, was convicted of resisting arrest. Although some of the survivors were sentenced to up to 40 years in prison, appeals ended up shortening their prison terms. As of 2007, all nine were out of prison.

The Ethical Theory Of The Election Of 2016 - 1268 Words

The election of 2016 was one of the most publicized political events of our nation’s history. While the candidates in this year’s election were more unconventional then years past, this election held an uncanny resemblance to elections of past years in the United States. The ethical and moral issues voters frequently take into account are as follows: race, culture, immigration and populism. Many ethical theories play into elections, on both the sides of the voters as well as the candidates. The â€Å"ethical theory† described is an approach or belief based off one’s own morals or values. The ethical theory of Utilitarianism is often used in the decision making on both the voters’ part, as well as how the candidates will present their policies on their own beliefs. Ethical egoism is another alternative voters or candidates may use, believing the people self-interest is more important. The ethical theory of Utilitarianism is defined as, â€Å"the the ory that one ought to maximize happiness and minimize the unhappiness of as many people as possible† (Rosenstand G-6). John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham were two philosophers who supported and helped found the theory of Utilitarianism. On a contrasting note, the opposing ethical theory to utilitarianism is the ethical egoist theory or perspective. The ethical egoist perspective is the idea that â€Å"everyone ought to be selfish or self interested† (Rosenstand G-3). This theory supports the idea that all people should look out forShow MoreRelatedEthics Is The Application Of Ethics934 Words   |  4 Pageswhen written many years ago. My research revealed an overwhelming number of ethical dilemmas, theories, and solutions. With such diverse information, and vast disparities, one might wonder, as did I, how to effectively create a safety-first culture that also embraces ethical integrity. 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Comparison Paper Free Essays

Comparison Paper Brittany Seawright NUR/ 408 February 11, 2013 Beth Edwards Comparison Paper According to a report published in 1988 by the Institute of Medicine, public health was defined as â€Å"what we, as a society, do collectively to assure the conditions in which people can be healthy† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 7, 2012). The mission of public health was â€Å"to generate organized community effort to address the public interest in health by applying scientific and technical knowledge to prevent disease and promote health† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now , 2012). The definition and mission of public health has not changed. â€Å"In the United States, the local-state-federal partnership includes federal agencies, the state and territorial public health agencies, and the 3200 local public health agencies† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 990, 2012). Healthy People 2020 and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are agencies of public health at the national level. The state health department is an agency of public health at the state and county levels. The interaction of these agencies is critical to effectively leverage precious resources, both financial and personnel, and to protect and promote the health of populations† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 990, 2012). History of Public Health People who are born today can expect to live 30 years longer than those who were born in 1990 (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). Advocacy begun in the late 1910s, policymakers and social welfare representatives strived to constitute national healt h insurance (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). In 1965 congress amended the Social Security Act to include health insurance benefits for older adults (Medicare) and increased care for the poor (Medicaid)† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 36, 2012). The Social Security Act did not cover preventive services, and home health care was only reimbursed with a doctors order (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). Local and state health departments changed their policies to allow agencies o reimburse home care as bedside nursing, which reduced health promotion and prevention (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). In the 1970s, nursing was viewed highly for improving the health care of communities (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). â€Å"Nurses made significant contributions to the hospice movement, the development of birthing centers, daycare for older adults and disabled persons, drug abuse programs, and rehabilitation services in long-term care† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 38, 2012). In the 1980s, there was concern about high cost of health care in the United States, and health promotion and disease prevention services were not top priority because funding was more essential in other areas (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). Fewer nurses were employed by official public health agencies because of low state and federal funds (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). During the 1900s and 2000s, the focus was on cost, improving quality of care, access to health care services, and advancing the public health nursing profession (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). Federal public health agencies develop regulations that implement policies formulated by Congress, provide a significant amount of funding to state and territorial health agencies for public health activities, survey the nation’s health status and health needs, set practices and standards, provide expertise that facilitates evidence-based practice, coordinate public health activities that cross state lines, and support health se rvices research† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 90, 2012). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was established on July 1, 1946 on a floor of a small building in Atlanta, Georgia (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). â€Å"The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was initially focused on fighting Malaria by killing mosquitos† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Para 2, 2012). Presently, the â€Å"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is the nation’s premier public health agency†, and has a mission to â€Å"collaborate to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health- through promotion, prevention of disease, injury and disability, and preparedness for new health threats† (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Para 2, 2012). Healthy People 2020 is also a national public health agency. â€Å"Since 1979 the U. S. Surgeon General has worked with local, state, and federal agencies; the private sector; and the U. S. population to evelop objectives for preventing disease and promoting health for the nation† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 999, 2012). Healthy People 2020 objectives were presented in 2009 to the public, and one of the goals is to â€Å"promote quality of life, healthy development and healthy behaviors across all life stages† (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 999, 2012). The health department is a state public health agency that prevents disease, improves health and wellness, promotes quality of life, and assists the people of each region in building healthy communities (South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control, 2012). The county health department is where much of the direct health care is provided to the people of the communities in each state. County and state level public health agencies collaborate and partner with national agencies to promote healthy communities. Local public health departments are responsible for implementing and enforcing local, state, and federal public health codes and ordinances while providing essential public health services (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 1003, 2012). Differences between public and community health Public and community health are specialty areas and each have their own focuses. Public health focuses on the communities and populations as a whole, and community health focuses on the individuals, families, and groups within a community. Both specialty areas have the same goal, and that is to promote health and prevent disease and illness. â€Å"Public health is not a branch of medicine; it is an organized community approach designed to prevent disease, promote health, and protect populations† † (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 990, 2012). The settings of where public health nurses and community health nurses work are different. Public health nurses may work for organizations or government areas, such as the state health department. Community health nurses may work in schools, clinics, hospitals, home health, county health department, or nursing homes. Health care is changing and improving every day. Nurses have a huge role in promoting health and preventing disease and illness in populations. Public health is built on partnerships (Stanhope Lancaster, 2012). Governmental agencies at the local, state, and federal levels are partners in the public health system that must work together to develop and implement solutions hat will improve a community’s health (Stanhope Lancaster, p. 990, 2012). References Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2012). Our History – Our Story. http://www. cdc. gov/about/history/ourstory. htm South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control. (2012). Region 2 Public Health Office. Retrieved from http://www. scdhec. gov/health/region2/index. htm Sta nhope, M. , Lancaster, J. (2012). Public Health Nursing: Population-Centered Health Care in the Community (8th ed. ). (Elsevier, Ed. ) Maryland Heights, Missouri: Mosby How to cite Comparison Paper, Papers

What is Web 2.0

WHAT IS WEB 2.0? I’m not afraid to admit that I’ve been a little behind the curve when it comes to the whole dotcom thing. I wasn’t the first on the facebook bandwagon, and I’m still trying to wrap my head around the concept of digg and others like it. But with the emergence of more and more blogs, wikis, and social networks, it’s impossible to escape this new Web 2.0 society. But what, exactly, is Web 2.0? Some argue that it’s a marketing buzzword coined by the industry while others disagree. Tim O’Reilly, founder of O’Reilly Media and the man attributed with coining the term Web 2.0, describes it as â€Å"the business revolution in the computer industry caused by the move to the Internet as platform, and the attempt to understand the rules for success on that platform.† In layman’s terms, Web 2.0 encourages users to collaborate creatively and share everything from ideas to information. It’s not actually that the technology of the web has changed; rather we are learning to use it in a more social and mutually beneficial way. That’s why blogs run rampant on the web, and if you’re not involved in some sort of online social network, you obviously live in the Stone Age. Terms like search engine optimizing, tagging, wikis, and the like are important to know in order to grasp a full understanding of the new and improved World Wide Web. Familiarizing yourself with these terms will help you use the web to your full advantage whether your goal is to generate more hits to your website or simply blog your heart out. For a full explanation of Tim O’Reilly’s take on Web 2.0, click here.

A Successful Step Forward in the Educational Process

A Successful Step Forward in the Educational Process No Child Left Behind is one of the main principles of the educational system of the United States. It is very important to have determined well-organized principles and methods of studying for students to be more successful in achieving academic grades.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on A Successful Step Forward in the Educational Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It was a big step forward to create such program where all students would be chanced to get a better quality of education with the personal approach to each student. It goes without saying that the surest way to discredit public schools is not to leave any child behind. I think it is the most crucial transformation in the American educational system over the past decade. The federal funding for schools has been increased and the standard of teaching improved which resulted in the higher level of students’ knowledge recorded by the nationwide sta ndardized test. One of the main advantages of this program is that parents have a right to choose a public school for their children. It is comfortable both for parents and schools in particular as children are allotted to the classes according to their abilities and the level of knowledge. Since the level of success is judged by the level of students’ academic performance, it is important to provide all the necessary means and conditions for the students to have the best grades. The disadvantages of NCLB program is that it has not been worked out for those who have health problems and measured abilities and can not study in public schools. I think the program would be more precious if it is created for such people as they are in need more than any other students. One more disadvantage is that government of the United States can not allocate enough money to support all ideas of the program which slows down the process and further development of the program. Nevertheless, acco rding to the data, the achieved result can already be called successful comparing to the level of performance over the past years. As for me, I think this program is effective enough as a lot of opportunities have been given to those who could not afford a good level of education. However, as it was already said, it makes government spend a good amount of money to satisfy all needs.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Actually, talking about the real necessity of such program, it is possible to note that presently, the government of the United States wants to repeal the educational act NCLB. Thinking about this issue more carefully and from the general point of view, the program resulted in increasing the students’ education thanks to the lowering of learning standards. Children were thoroughly taught and tested by public schools. I think it is quite a big disadvantage. A ctually, both public and private schools can choose the educational standards and think about the best ways to increase the level of education of each student in particular. Presently, public schools just lose state funding in case some purposes can not be fulfilled as it is very costly for the government. Education is one of the main parts of a human’s life so a lot of attention both from the government and people’s side should be paid to it. The program No Child Left Behind is in its active development providing a number of measures and ways to increase the accountability of the states and schools for the students’ academic achievements. I think it is a nice opportunity for the teachers to improve their qualification and professional development as well as for parents to be provided with corresponding opportunities of making a choice and getting information. Moreover, one of the goals set by the program at the very beginning has been achieved: the gaps between advantaged and disadvantage students were successfully fulfilled and the general quality of education improved.

Roman Emperor Titus Biography

Roman Emperor Titus Biography Dates: c December 30, 41 A.D. to 81 A.D. Reign: 79 A.D. to September 13, 81 A.D. The Reign of Emperor Titus The most momentous events during the short reign of Titus were the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius and the destruction of the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. He also inaugurated the Roman Colosseum, the amphitheater that his father had built. Titus, the older brother of the notorious emperor Domitian and son of Emperor Vespasian and his wife Domitilla, was born December 30 around 41 A.D. He grew up in the company of Britannicus, son of Emperor Claudius and shared his training. This meant Titus had enough military training and was ready to be a legatus legionis when his father Vespasian received his Judaean command. While in Judaea, Titus fell in love with Berenice, daughter of Herod Agrippa. She later came to Rome where Titus continued his affair with her until he became emperor. In 69 A.D., the armies of Egypt and Syria hailed Vespasian emperor. Titus put an end to the revolt in Judaea by conquering Jerusalem and destroying the Temple; so he shared the triumph with Vespasian when he returned to Rome in June 71 A.D. Titus subsequently shared 7 joint consulships with his father and held other offices, including that of praetorian prefect. When Vespasian died on June 24, 79 A.D., Titus became emperor, but only lived another 26 months. When Titus inaugurated the Flavian Amphitheater in 80 A.D., he lavished the people with 100 days of entertainment and spectacle. In his biography of Titus, Suetonius says Titus had been suspected of riotous living and greed, perhaps forgery, and people feared he would be another Nero. Instead, he put on lavish games for the people. He banished informers, treated senators well, and helped out victims of fire, plague, and volcano. Titus was, therefore, remembered fondly for his short reign. Domitian (a possible fratricide) commissioned an Arch of Titus, honoring the deified Titus and commemorating the Flavians sack of Jerusalem. Trivia Titus was emperor at the time of the famous eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in 79 A.D. In the occasion of this disaster and others, Titus helped the victims. Sources: The Occasion of the Domitianic Persecution, Donald McFayden The American Journal of Theology Vol. 24, No. 1 (Jan., 1920), pp. 46-66DIR, and Suetonius

HRM CASE STUDY Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HRM - Case Study Example Wal-Mart stores, Target corporations and toys for us were the retailer out lets through which most of the revenue the company had in 2000. The company has gone through many ups and down for many reasons. The growth by acquisition strategy adopted by CEO Jill Barad had failed showing an 82.4 million loss in 1999. following the heavy loss Jill Barad was replaced by Robert Eckert, who decided against a cost cutting strategy to amplify the profit. He better focused on work force management, giving its managers sophisticated training which included the global leadership program and seminars on leadership. How did the strategy of training managers to become leaders ultimately turn out to be The workforce strategy was aiming at developing effective teams. Trying to foster teamwork and brake down the silo mentality with in the organization was a Herculean Task for the prevailing corporate set up of Mattel. What were the challenges they came across during the process The purpose of this paper is to go beyond the information given by Mridu Verma (2007) and to analyze and critically evaluate the strategy in the light of today's human resource management capabilities and limitations in the corporate circumstances. In order to understand the intensity of the developments and the fruitfulness of the out come close look at the company background is essential. Mattel's was founded by Elliot and Ruth handler in the year 1945. Gaining from the absence of quality and verity in the toy's market the company had recorded a $100,000 sale in the first year even with the least experience they had. The company made use of the popularity of television westerns when they have introduced toy replicas of the classic western guns and holsters in 1957. Later on they introduced Barbie Doll with its clothes and accessories, the company kept on conquering the market with its sale on the increase hitting the $100 million mark in 1965. By the end of the decade they were the world's number one toy makers. It was the time when the company established and developed itself with diverse operations into a world wide enterprise with a host of acquisitions. Some of those major acquisitions are Dee & Cee Toy in 1962, Standard plastic Products Hong Kong Industrial and Precision Moulds in 1966, Rosebud Dolls in 1967, monogram models and A&A Die casting in 1968, Ratti Vallenscasca, Mebetoys, Ebiex, H&Hpalstic Company and Met frame in 1969. However, in spite of the acquisitions by the year 1985 Mattel fell behind the Hasbro as the world's largest toy Maker. The 70s have seen many financial irregularities and finally a new management under former vice president Arthur S. Spear had take control of the organization in 1975, by when many of the business acquisitions the company had were running on loss. "John W. Amerman, who became the CEO in 1987 moved to quickly to cut Mattel's overhead by closing 40% of the company's manufacturing capacity, including plants in California, Taiwan and the Philippians. He laid of workers at Mattel's corporate headquarters in California saving at least 30 million annually. He turned the company around by focusing on brand names with staying power such as Barbie and hot wheels and by making selective investment in the making of new toys. Despite a

Nuclear weapons should be abolished Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nuclear weapons should be abolished - Essay Example In addition, other nations have joined the nuclear weapons development bandwagon and are in the process of developing an arsenal of nuclear weapons, which can bring catastrophic losses of high magnitude. While realizing the fact that abolishing nuclear weapons does not fully guarantee a safe, secure, and peaceful world, this expose posits that abolishing nuclear weapons is a positive step towards guaranteeing a secure and safe world. It is crucial to note that, one reason that led to superpowers obtaining and building up their reserves of nuclear weapons was in order to deter their competitors from starting a full-blown nuclear war. According to Parrington, such a strategy in military parlance is the strategy of Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD). Parrington notes that, the operational doctrine of MAD aims at two nations employing a military strategy in which the two can totally annihilate each other in case of a full-blown war using weapons of mass destruction. Thus, this remains the main reason that the world has witnessed the proliferation of nuclear weapons with new countries building up their reserves preparing for any eventuality. However, there is a growing concern amongst the leaders of the world on the weapons landing in arms in the arms of terrorists and dictators. While the former USSR and USA were the pioneers in nuclear weapons, many countries have stepped up efforts towards building their nuclear m ight. Some of these countries include Iran and North Korea, which form an axis of countries branded as a danger to world peace and stability. Currently, countries have adequate nuclear weapons to annihilate each other, which by extension can result to a total annihilation of the world. Nevertheless, there is no assurance that the Mutually Assured Destruction strategy would work in the modern days since there lacks existence of a balance of power. On the other hand, rogue states may develop nuclear weapons and use them to strike other nations,

Japanese intern camps :: essays research papers

Barabara ni naru Civilian Exclusion Order No. 79 Effective Friday 22 May 1942 On this fateful day the evacuation of 100,000(+) Japanese immigrants and Japanese American citizens during World War II were forced into incarceration (internment compounds). These compounds were placed inland throughout the Western United States. The Japanese peoples of the greater Seattle and Puget Sound areas were forced to leave their homes, schools, temples (and churches), and shut down family businesses in Seattle’s Nihonmachi (Japantown) community area. In the basement of the â€Å"Panama Hotel†, at the corner of sixth and main street, a time capsule of eight days of diaspora that scattered Japanese American Heritage exsists. Because the Federal government acting upon President Roosevelt’s signed Executive Order 9066, employed agencies including the FBI and the Army, giving those Japanese peoples only eight days to settle their personal affairs while processing them for wholesale evacuation from Seattle’s Nihonmachi community, and forcing their culture into internal exile. The internees were allowed to take only what they could carry with them. All other items were to be discarded or left behind, such as the many personal items placed into suitcases and trunks found in the basement of the â€Å"Panama Hotel. In that darkened basement room, an accidental time capsule, can be seen worn suitcases and trunks adorned with travel tags from Tokyo or Kobe, along with stacks of other household belongings left behind 57 years ago when the American government incarcerated its own Seattle citizens and shipped them via truck, bus, and train to internment compounds like Idaho’s Minidoka and yet closer to Seattle was the Puyallup Assembly Center. More than, 7,000 Japanese spent the spring and summer of in the Puyallup Assembly Center, an internment camp, located on the Washington State fair grounds. They were greeted by barded wire and armed guards and placed into bad housing. The whole fair grounds area was to house 7,000 (+) . Living in every space around the race track and under the grandstands. Japanese men were immediately employed to build and set up further livingquarters, mess halls, and administrative buildings. The living quarters were comprised of barracks that were 15 by forty feet buildings and each divided into 6 rooms, each room was 20 square feet. Each room would house a Japanese family. Euphemistically called â€Å"apartments† the furnishing consisted of army cots, family personal items and suitcases, one window and one light bulb hanging from the ceiling. The apartment walls gave no privacy for they did not reach the ceiling.

Research method paper: impact of tourism on local communities Essay

Impact of Ecotourism on Local Communities Table of Contents Table of Figures Section1: Introduction With the main objective of promoting responsible travel to natural areas, the well-being of communities and the environmental conservation, ecotourism is presented as an alternative type of tourism which is growing incredibly fast (Scheyvens, 1999). One of the objectives of ecotourism is to bring benefits to local communities. The important relationship between ecotourism and local communities could be explained by the fact that traditional homelands of indigenous people are usually the most natural and least developed areas of the world (Coria & Calfucura, 2012) The paper is first reviewing the different impacts that ecotourism can have on local communities. The development of ecotourism can have an important economic impact and can generate income, employment and business opportunities (Yacob, Shuib, & Radam, 2008). Thus, several developing countries have adopted ecotourism with the hope to improve their economy in an environmentally sustainable manner (Coria & Calfucura, 2012). In the second part, a deep analysis of the methodology of three articles about the impact of ecotourism on local communities has been done. The analysis shows both strengths and weaknesses of each types of methodologies that were used and help then to determine which one would be the most suitable when writing an undergraduate dissertation with similar aim. Concerning the methodology that was used for this project, the information was mainly taken from university databases, academic journals and reports as well as the research methods books to help the analyze of the methodologies. Section 2: Literature Review Ecotourism is being proposed as a strategy that will help to resolve social  and economic issues encountered by local communities, and as an adequate and effective way of of conserving the environment (Garrod, 2003). Thus, this concept has been adopted by many developing countries with the hope that it will bring them economic benefits (Coria & Calfucura, 2012). However, several authors wondered whether local communities are really beneficiating from those benefits (Jones, 2005). Sheyvens (1999) also agree on the fact that to ensure the process of ecotourism will be a success only if they are sharing the benefits of it. The reasons why local communities should consider the ecotourism include becoming aware of natural attractions value, understanding the necessity for sustainable tourism and the environment conservation. Also, several benefits should be taken into consideration such as the additional revenues that it could generate for any local types of business as well as the incr ease in employment opportunities and the enhancement of their culture. Unfortunately, even though ecotourism is bringing benefits, some drawbacks have to be taken into consideration. For instance, host communities do not participate a lot in decision making; they are also sometimes exploited for the resources without receiving any benefits, it can damage their community cohesion and the rapid tourism growth can precipitate important socio-cultural changes (Wearing & Neil, 2009). Belsky truly encourages local community to participate into conservation and ecotourism but he mentions that they will not do so unless communities benefit from tourism (as cited in Stronza & Gordillo, 2008). Ecotourism is certainly bringing many economic benefits but is also improving many different aspects of the communities’ livelihood. Garrod (2003) explains that by involving them in the ecotourism project, they will obtain bigger control over their resources and over the decisions concerning the use of such resources that affect the way they live. However, some negative aspects of ecotourism should be considered. Only few local communities, engaged in ecotourism or really clos e to tourism operations and preserved areas, have realized real benefits from it. Several tour operators have been unenthusiastic with the fact that they had to share the possible returns with local communities (Stronza & Gordillo, 2008). In the same way, Lima and d’Hauteserre (2011) stated that tour operators do not help the communities in the way they should. Also, even though ecotourism is generating new revenues, it is increasing the gap between the richer and the  poorer. Earnings are most of the time unequal and conflicts are emerging which are breaking the social cohesion of local communities. Information retrieved from different interviews, it appeared clearly that the profits received were not sufficient and could not support everyone (Stronza & Gordillo, 2008). Retrieved from other interviews with other communities, the same idea was shared concerning the fact that economic benefits could generate new conflicts within the community such as disputes between the members, misunderstanding concerning the revenues distribution and tasks allocations, which could then lead to a more important problem if people do not collaborate a right way (Lima & d’ Hauteserre, 2011) Some of the interviewees testified that ecotourism was not the solution to fix economic issues but agreed on the fact that it could bring more opportunities such as establishing a good network, developing new skills and better self-esteem (Stronza & Gordillo, 2008). Locals seem to become more aware of their own culture through the relation established between tourists and outsiders and this seems to increase the community self-esteem and beliefs (Lima & d’ Hauteserre, 2011). According to Jones, when local communities are completely involved in the ecotourism process, being directly engaged in decision making and working independently with management tasks, they become aware of the fact that new skills are required. Therefore, many people attended training sessions, sometimes organized by the government or associations. This helps them to face new realities and new habits (Lima & d’ Hauteserre, 2011). Also, ecotourism can have an impact on locals that are not directly working into the ecotourism sector. For instance, the presentation of handicrafts, folklore, tales and basically the presentation of their culture appear to reduce the inferiority feelings that some local people could feel. It also enhances their identity and they become more aware of their culture leading to a better self-esteem (Lima & d’ Hauteserre, 2011). Thus, even if ecotourism could appear is an ideal alternative type of tourism that will help to address economic and social issues toward local communities, some negative aspects should not be neglected. To make sure that the process is working perfectly, improvements need to be done. Also, local communities should not be exploited and should receive the benefits of their involvement (Wearing & Neil, 2009). Section 3: Comparison of methodologies In this section, methodologies of three different articles used in the previous literature will be analyzed and compared taking into account their strengths and weaknesses and more specifically their validity, reliability and truthfulness. The three articles that will be compared are: â€Å"Community views of ecotourism† by Stronza, â€Å"Ecotourism impacts in the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica† by Almeyda, Broadbent, Wyman, and Durham, and â€Å"Community capitals and ecotourism for enhancing Amazonian forest livelihoods† by Lima and d’Hauteserre. All three articles are talking about the impact of ecotourism on local communities but they however differ by the method they used to obtain their information. To do a better comparison of the methodologies, the book â€Å"Research Methods For Business Students† wrteen by Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill was really useful. 1. Stronza, 2008 â€Å"Community views of ecotourism†. 2. Almeyda, Broadbent, Wyman, and Durham, 2010 â€Å"Ecotourism impacts in the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica†- 3. Lima, d’Hauteserre, 2011, â€Å"Community capitals and ecotourism for enhancing Amazonian forest livelihoods† Method and approach used Quantitative and qualitative approach Use of secondary data In depth interviews with local households Semi structured interviews with community leaders Qualitative approach, use of primary data Deductive approach (but inductive at some points) In depth surveys, semi structured interviews Qualitative approach: use of secondary and primary data. Mix of inductive and deductive approach Structured participant Observations In-depth and semi-structured interviews Aim and objectives of the article Give an overview of what host communities think of the impact of ecotourism Determine the effects of the Punta Islita eco-lodge on the Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica. Investigate how ecotourism development enhances existing capital at community level. Location Amazone region: Bolivia Peru Ecuador Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica Brazil, Amazonia: Maripa Maguari Jamaraqua Time Period The study was done during six months in 2003 and consisted of three five-days workshop. 2008 (time of publication) 2010 Three months fieldwork 2012 Sample Purposive sampling 164 households (62 from Peru,67 from Bolivia, 35 from Ecuador,represented 45%, 55% and 7% of the communities population.) One community leader from each commnity Purposive sample with 63 households within 45 had at least a member employed in the lodge and 17 not employed by tourism industry but still receiving revenue from it Random sampling for employees in depth surveys 39 tourists filled out self-administered questionnaires 27 community inhabitants 42 local stakeholders (10 people from tour operators, 10 frim NGOs and 22 people from government environmental agencies Interview framework Semi-structured interview of 2-3 hours Open ended In depth interviews with households Semi structured interviews with community leaders and self administred questionnaire for hotel guests In depth questionnaire –based surveys Not specified with who they did each types of interview Limitations Benefits and indicators of success in each site were determined by emic, or subjective rather than etic. This research may reflect a situation that might change Sample size Sources Stronza, 2008 Almeyda, Broadbent, Wyman, and Durham, 2010 Coria and Calfucura, 2012 Table Comparison of methodology The first article written by Stronza, is giving an interesting approach as an overview of the topic is first given to describe ecotourism in general as well as the possible benefits it could bring to local communities. The author then relied on a study done 5 years before which had for goals to hear the community’s opinion which used in depth interview with local households and semi structured with community leaders during workshops. As the study was done in different countries which are Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador it allows readers to think at a big scale and it is probably more reliable than a study done only in one specific area. A possible weakness would be that, as in-depth interviews are used, even though interviewers have some key questions that they need to cover, their use will depend from one interview to another interview. Concerning the second article written by Almeyda, Broadbent, Wyman, and Durham, it is mostly based on the collection of primary data with surveys, interviews and questionnaires that they conducted themselves in one specific eco-lodge among guests, employees and locals. The weakness of this article, even if none seem to be mentioned in it, is probably the sample size and the fact that the semi structured interviews can lead to data quality issues. Indeed, as it may be hard to standardize the different kind of interviews, this may lead to reliability  problem. Also interviews are reflecting reality at the moment they were collected and therefore the results obtained from those interviews will not be automatically the same in similar interviews will be conducted in the future. In contrast with the first article, this one used mainly primary data whereas the first one used secondary data. Also, in this article, the study was undertaken only in Costa Rica, which was probably the purpose of the writers, but it narrows the research for someone reading the article. Writers could have undertaken their study to another country to compare both analysis. The last article consists of a collection of secondary and primary data, collected through structured participant observations as well as in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The strength of this article is that, as secondary data sources, it provides data that are easy to check. Also, it allows scholars or researchers to save time and effort by providing thoughts of several authors about one specific topic. However, when using secondary data, readers have to be careful that the sources cited in one literature review were not misunderstood by the one writing the literature review and that they are reliable and valid sources. Although, a possible weakness of the last article would be that the case study do not automatically reflect what is happening in other regions. As the study took place in Brazil, it is not a standardized model that could be applicable to another community everywhere else in the world. Also, their sample was really interesting as they interviewed people for NGOs, tour operators and governmental agencies as well as with local people. Thus once the information has been gathered it gave to the readers a better and generalized overview of the ecotourism impact of locals. Structured observations help also to do that but the main issues about it is the question of reliability as the observer must interpret something in a wrong way and therefore the observer should make sure he understood the setting very well before interpreting. Section 4: Selection of Methodology Out of the three articles cited in the above section, the one with the most appropriate methodology for the dissertation of an undergraduate student would be the first one. As previously analyzed, the methodology used in this article proposed first a sort of literature review which seems crucial to  have an overview of the topic and then series of results obtained through in depth interview with local households and semi structured interviews with community leaders. The most interesting thing is that it is representing three different countries which are Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador, that are still close to each other in South America but representing different cultures. By providing both qualitative and quantitative data, it gives the student a better understanding of the topic. However, the sample size was not always appropriate as it was not all the time representing the majority of the population. Special attention should be given to the size of the sampling to make the study reliable. Indeed, if the majority is not represented it can be considered as unreliable. The semi-structured and in-depth interviews are, for an undergraduate student, probably one of the best ways for a better understanding of the topic as they might adapt their questions from interview to interview. It will be really helpful to explore in depth the topic the student might be interested in. References Almeyda, A. M., Broadbent, E. N., Wyman, M. S., & Durham, W. H. (2010). Ecotourism impacts in the Nicoya Peninsula, Costa Rica. International Journal of Tourism Research, 12(6), 803–819. doi:10.1002/jtr.797 Coria, J., & Calfucura, E. (2012). Ecotourism and the development of indigenous communities: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Ecological Economics, 73, 47–55. doi:10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.10.024 Garrod, B. (2003). Local Participation in the Planning and Management of Ecotourism: A Revised Model Approach. Journal of Ecotourism, 2(1), 33–53. doi:10.1080/14724040308668132 Jones, S. (2005). Community-Based Ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 32(2), 303–324. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2004.06.007 Lima, I. B., & d’ Hauteserre, A.-M. (2011). Community capitals and ecotourism for enhancing Amazonian forest livelihoods. Anatolia, 22(2), 184–203. doi:10.1080/13032917.2011.597933 Scheyvens, R. (1999). Ecotourism and the empowerment of local communities. Tourism Management, 20(2), 245–249. doi:10.1016/S0261-5177(98)00069-7 Stronza, A., & Gordillo, J. (2008). Community views of ecotourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 35(2), 448–468. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2008.01.002 Yacob, M. R., Shuib, A., & Radam, A. (2008). How Much Does Ecotourism Development Contribute to Local  Communities†¯? An Empirical Study in a Small Island. The Icfai Journal of Environmental Economics, VI(2), 54–68. Wearing, S., & Neil, J. (2009). Ecotourism impacts, potentials and possibilities. (2nd ed., pp. 115-136). Oxford, England: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Example Answers to Questions on OCED Principles - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1858 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The OCED principles of the corporate governance stress the significance for the corporate governance of the markets for the corporate control functioning in a transparent and an efficient manner. The OCED principles promotes the policies that are designed in order to attain the very highest sustainable economic growth and also an increasing standard of living and also increasing employment opportunities in the member countries, while still maintaining its financial stability, and therefore contribute to the overall development of the international economy. This is very useful to the member countries and to the entire world (Cottrell Ranking, 2000). The policies are also designed to contribute to the sound trade and industry expansion in the member countries and also the non-member countries in the procedure of the economic development. The policies also contribute positively to the expansion of the global trade on non-discriminatory, multilateral basis in acco rdance with global obligations and duties. The OECD ministers have expanded the agenda of the corporate governance and also offer very specific guidance for regulatory and legislative initiatives in all the non OECD and OECD countries. These principles are taken seriously especially by the Financial Stability Forum such that they have designated these principles to be among the twelve main standards for the sound the systems of finances (Frynas, 2005). The principles offer the basis for a wide programme of cooperation and working together between non-OECD and OECD countries and also underpin the component of corporate governance of the IMF/World Bank especially on the ROSC (Reports on the Observance of Codes and Standards). These principles allow the policy makers to be aware of the positive contribution that is made by good and needed corporate governance offers to the investment, financial market stability, and also economic growth. The principles also explain well that enhance d good corporate governance adds much to their competitiveness (Guera, 2002). The OECD principles are known to be living instruments that offer non-binding standards and also desired practices and also offer guidance on the ways of implementation. These principles also give a forum for any existing dialogue and also exchange of different experiences among all countries worldwide (Drutman Cray, 2004). The SOX (Sarbanes Oxley Act) of 2002 is a set of corporate governance principles which is a well recommended to all corporations. I can therefore recommend these principles to the mining company because they are set by SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission). It is known to be a legislation with which prosecution is an outcome of failure to its compliance. It can help to improve the confidence of investors especially in the financial markets of the corporation (ASE, 2003). It aims at aligning the interests of the management to the shareholders. This helps to protect the stakehol ders especially the shareholders. The Nasdaq, AMEX, and NYSE need most of the directors to be more independent. The meaning of an independent director is a person whose only nontrivial familial, financial, or professional connection to the entire corporation; the executive officers among CEO, and chairman are her or his directorship (Akabzaa, 2000). The Combined Code of 2003 was formed in the United Kingdom after Hampel Committee which had been set up to evaluate the existing arrangements on the corporate governance on a global level. This committee was expected to make relevant recommendations and also design a certain code for the enlisted companies. The committee came up with the Combined Code and is applicable to all the registered companies. Question 2: corporate and social responsibility initiatives The principles of OECD helps the mining company to improve and reexamine the legal, regulatory and institutional framework for the corporate governance in each individual country, and to also offer suggestions and guidance for investors, stock exchanges, corporations and other relevant parties about their responsibility in the procedure of improving the good corporate governance. There are several initiatives that this mining company should carry out in order to fit into the principles and also to start the social and corporate responsibility. Good corporate governance ought to offer proper necessary incentives for the management and the board to pursue roles and objectives which are in the companyà ¢ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¾Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¢s interests and also its shareholders and should make possible efficient and effective monitoring (Haselip Hilson, 2005). The programmes of the corporate social responsibility in the mining companies are more often inclined to spotlight on the community initiatives as their outcomes in environmental, social and economic terms are greatly felt at limited levels. Some of these incentives couple the fact that they are bringing the mining revenues and profits to the area and also offering financial compensation to the residents for the loss of land, livelihoods and housing. The company could also be involved in infrastructure such as community schools and buildings as well as building access roads (Hilson Murck, 2001). There are also community health initiatives that offer health services to their employees and also their families, and also equipping and building health centers and hospitals for the surrounding communities. There is also a community foundation which is explained as a fund which is generated by the entire company which is utilized for the social investment functions; these can attract attention from the external donors. The mining company can also support small local businesses and these preferential procurement policies for all the local suppliers. The mining companies could also support sustainable livelihood projects and the importance of this i s to decrease the economic overdependence by the community on the particular mine and also develop sustainable and alternative employment opportunities for shareholder communities. There is also the initiative involving the micro-credit scheme regarding finances where they can give out loans which could be used to create jobs, launch new enterprises, and also help the economies to expand and also flourish. When the families are able to access the credit loans, they are able to invest depending on their priorities, for example health care, housing, school fees, or nutrition other than focusing on everyday survival and therefore people are able to plan well for their future. These micro-credit schemes can be aimed especially the women can provide opportunities to the disadvantaged groups in the local communities (Goodman Schwartz, 2004). Question 3 There are monetary factors and also non-monetary factors which could act as incentives or as disincentives by the large companies i n an attempt to address their social responsibilities. The monetary factors which act as incentives include financial incentives, material incentives, satisfactory remuneration and possibility of the upcoming paid employment. The disincentives of the monetary factors include alterations in the tangible incentives, inconsistent remuneration, and inequitable distribution of the incentives between the different employers (Goodman Schwartz, 2004). The nonmonetary factors that act as incentives include community respect and recognition of the mining work; acquisition of the valued skills; personal development and growth; peer support; accomplishment; identification an job aids such as shirts, badges and uniforms; preferential treatment; status in the community; and also minimal and flexible hours clear responsibility. The non-monetary factors which act as disincentives in large companies include inadequate supervision; time constraints; excessive demands; lack of respect among the em ployees and employers; inadequate refresher training; and another person from a different community. These can be incentives and disincentives applicable to a community health service provider which is an international company and is concerned with the social responsibility of dealing with their clients (Drutman Cray, 2004). The community health provider has factors which are incentives and these include community information systems; community organizations which support the work done in the center, and also involvement of the community in the selection of the community workers. The disincentives include lack of involvement of the community in the support, training and selection; and also unsuitable selection of the community workers. Question 4 There are various challenges that are faced by companies in the process of auditing their impact on labor, human rights and environment. Corruption and bribery is one of the main challenges. These two continues to decrease the lev els of economic activity and also continues to have an adverse consequence on the poor people. Increasing cases of reporting and investigation of bribery scandals often sustained by the governments increases the reputational risks especially to the companies. These are viewed as complicit in similar irregularities. Corruption and bribery are adverse values that should not be encouraged in any company because they adversely affect the company at large. The companies as a solution should demonstrate a strategy that is proactive in order to deal with these vices (Ite, 2005). There is also the challenge of product responsibility where the concerns over product safety, health concerns and product quality over the use of the product are increasing daily. The companies in question are forced to take more measures in order to promote range of security and safety processes. This would help to avert the expected increase of boycotts of brands and products. These are caused by high sophisti cation of the customers and also the absence of trust in the power of the regulators who should protect them. The lack of adequate funds is also another challenge and this causes negative impacts on the reexamining of the factors in the organizations. This is because the auditing may lead to the incurring of extra costs which lowers the profit margins of the company. Many companies do not have the money and capital to carry out these procedures and still maximize on their profits. There is also the challenge of the employees. Some companies permit their employees to work for extra hours. These workers work for more than the required time and are paid on hourly wage basis and this is because the company expects them to work all these hours. Therefore the employees are left with no alternative because they do not aspire to lose their jobs. Some of the time, they are not well paid all their wages as agreed and also end up not being paid during the overtime hours. This is because they are not aware of their rights and should therefore be taught concerning their rights as employees. There is also the challenge of child labor and forced labor which prove hard to be measured well. This is because there is the time constraint which means that there is no enough time to look into these matters in a single financial year. There is also the challenge of determining how and why the human rights are useful in the given business. These may involve the identification of the human rights that are relevant for the company. There is also a challenge in identifying opportunities to carry out their duties with other businesses in order to expand the human rights. It is also taxing to ensure that the given company does not involve itself or complicit in all human rights abuses (Hillson, 2002). There is the challenge of determining the procedure that a company should undertake in order to avoid discrimination especially in the processed of selection of the labor force a nd should also promote equality and diversity in the place of work and this is very significant. The labor standards are expected to expand especially in the long term and therefore the stakeholders require communicating honestly and openly in issues regarding their challenges, successes, and also activities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Example Answers to Questions on OCED Principles" essay for you Create order